The recent development of high-brightness LEDs based on III-Nitrides and AlInGaP has led to the possibility of revolutionary new approaches for lighting that have become known as Solid State Lighting (SSL). SSL technology has largely been developed by compound semiconductor community who has little or no understanding of the lighting industry. A similar lack of knowledge also exists about the advances of LEDs for lighting applications in the general lighting community. The scope of this course is to provide a state-of-the-art review of the Solid State Lighting technology from both the perspective of the solid state engineer and those involved in the lighting industry.